NumPy Reference

Release

1.21

Date

June 22, 2021

This reference manual details functions, modules, and objects included in NumPy, describing what they are and what they do. For learning how to use NumPy, see the complete documentation.

• Array objects
  • The N-dimensional array (ndarray)
  • Scalars
  • Data type objects (dtype)
  • Indexing
  • Iterating Over Arrays
  • Standard array subclasses
  • Masked arrays
  • The Array Interface
  • Datetimes and Timedeltas
• Constants
• Universal functions (ufunc)
  • Broadcasting
  • Output type determination
  • Use of internal buffers
  • Error handling
  • Casting Rules
  • Overriding Ufunc behavior
  • ufunc
  • Available ufuncs
• Routines
  • Array creation routines
  • Array manipulation routines
  • Binary operations
  • String operations
  • C-Types Foreign Function Interface (numpy.ctypeslib)
  • Datetime Support Functions
  • Data type routines
  • Optionally SciPy-accelerated routines (numpy.dual)
  • Mathematical functions with automatic domain (numpy.emath)
  • Floating point error handling
  • Discrete Fourier Transform (numpy.fft)
  • Functional programming
  • NumPy-specific help functions
  • Indexing routines
  • Input and output
  • Linear algebra (numpy.linalg)
  • Logic functions
  • Masked array operations
  • Mathematical functions
  • Matrix library (numpy.matlib)
  • Miscellaneous routines
  • Padding Arrays
  • Polynomials
  • Random sampling (numpy.random)
  • Set routines
  • Sorting, searching, and counting
  • Statistics
  • Test Support (numpy.testing)
  • Window functions
• Typing (numpy.typing)
  • Mypy plugin
  • Differences from the runtime NumPy API
  • API
• Global State
  • Performance-Related Options
  • Interoperability-Related Options
  • Debugging-Related Options
• Packaging (numpy.distutils)
  • Modules in numpy.distutils
  • Configuration class
  • Building Installable C libraries
  • Conversion of .src files
• NumPy Distutils - Users Guide
  • SciPy structure
  • Requirements for SciPy packages
  • The setup.py file
  • The __init__.py file
  • Extra features in NumPy Distutils
• NumPy C-API
  • Python Types and C-Structures
  • System configuration
  • Data Type API
  • Array API
  • Array Iterator API
  • UFunc API
  • Generalized Universal Function API
  • NumPy core libraries
  • C API Deprecations
• NumPy internals
  • NumPy C Code Explanations
  • Memory Alignment
  • Internal organization of numpy arrays
  • Multidimensional Array Indexing Order Issues
• SIMD Optimizations
  • Build options for compilation
  • Understanding CPU Dispatching, How the NumPy dispatcher works?
  • Dive into the CPU dispatcher
• NumPy and SWIG
  • numpy.i: a SWIG Interface File for NumPy
  • Testing the numpy.i Typemaps

Acknowledgements

Large parts of this manual originate from Travis E. Oliphant’s book Guide to NumPy (which generously entered Public Domain in August 2008). The reference documentation for many of the functions are written by numerous contributors and developers of NumPy.

NumPy license Array objects