Mathematical functions¶
Trigonometric functions¶
sin (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Trigonometric sine, element-wise. |
cos (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Cosine element-wise. |
tan (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Compute tangent element-wise. |
arcsin (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Inverse sine, element-wise. |
arccos (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Trigonometric inverse cosine, element-wise. |
arctan (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Trigonometric inverse tangent, element-wise. |
hypot (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Given the “legs” of a right triangle, return its hypotenuse. |
arctan2 (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Element-wise arc tangent of x1/x2 choosing the quadrant correctly. |
degrees (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Convert angles from radians to degrees. |
radians (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Convert angles from degrees to radians. |
unwrap (p[, discont, axis]) |
Unwrap by changing deltas between values to 2*pi complement. |
deg2rad (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Convert angles from degrees to radians. |
rad2deg (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Convert angles from radians to degrees. |
Hyperbolic functions¶
sinh (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Hyperbolic sine, element-wise. |
cosh (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Hyperbolic cosine, element-wise. |
tanh (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Compute hyperbolic tangent element-wise. |
arcsinh (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Inverse hyperbolic sine element-wise. |
arccosh (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Inverse hyperbolic cosine, element-wise. |
arctanh (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Inverse hyperbolic tangent element-wise. |
Rounding¶
around (a[, decimals, out]) |
Evenly round to the given number of decimals. |
round_ (a[, decimals, out]) |
Round an array to the given number of decimals. |
rint (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Round elements of the array to the nearest integer. |
fix (x[, out]) |
Round to nearest integer towards zero. |
floor (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the floor of the input, element-wise. |
ceil (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the ceiling of the input, element-wise. |
trunc (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the truncated value of the input, element-wise. |
Sums, products, differences¶
prod (a[, axis, dtype, out, keepdims]) |
Return the product of array elements over a given axis. |
sum (a[, axis, dtype, out, keepdims]) |
Sum of array elements over a given axis. |
nanprod (a[, axis, dtype, out, keepdims]) |
Return the product of array elements over a given axis treating Not a Numbers (NaNs) as ones. |
nansum (a[, axis, dtype, out, keepdims]) |
Return the sum of array elements over a given axis treating Not a Numbers (NaNs) as zero. |
cumprod (a[, axis, dtype, out]) |
Return the cumulative product of elements along a given axis. |
cumsum (a[, axis, dtype, out]) |
Return the cumulative sum of the elements along a given axis. |
nancumprod (a[, axis, dtype, out]) |
Return the cumulative product of array elements over a given axis treating Not a Numbers (NaNs) as one. |
nancumsum (a[, axis, dtype, out]) |
Return the cumulative sum of array elements over a given axis treating Not a Numbers (NaNs) as zero. |
diff (a[, n, axis]) |
Calculate the n-th discrete difference along the given axis. |
ediff1d (ary[, to_end, to_begin]) |
The differences between consecutive elements of an array. |
gradient (f, *varargs, **kwargs) |
Return the gradient of an N-dimensional array. |
cross (a, b[, axisa, axisb, axisc, axis]) |
Return the cross product of two (arrays of) vectors. |
trapz (y[, x, dx, axis]) |
Integrate along the given axis using the composite trapezoidal rule. |
Exponents and logarithms¶
exp (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Calculate the exponential of all elements in the input array. |
expm1 (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Calculate exp(x) - 1 for all elements in the array. |
exp2 (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Calculate 2**p for all p in the input array. |
log (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Natural logarithm, element-wise. |
log10 (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the base 10 logarithm of the input array, element-wise. |
log2 (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Base-2 logarithm of x. |
log1p (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the natural logarithm of one plus the input array, element-wise. |
logaddexp (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Logarithm of the sum of exponentiations of the inputs. |
logaddexp2 (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Logarithm of the sum of exponentiations of the inputs in base-2. |
Other special functions¶
i0 (x) |
Modified Bessel function of the first kind, order 0. |
sinc (x) |
Return the sinc function. |
Floating point routines¶
signbit (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Returns element-wise True where signbit is set (less than zero). |
copysign (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Change the sign of x1 to that of x2, element-wise. |
frexp (x[, out1, out2], / [[, out, where, …]) |
Decompose the elements of x into mantissa and twos exponent. |
ldexp (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Returns x1 * 2**x2, element-wise. |
nextafter (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Return the next floating-point value after x1 towards x2, element-wise. |
spacing (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the distance between x and the nearest adjacent number. |
Arithmetic operations¶
add (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Add arguments element-wise. |
reciprocal (x, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Return the reciprocal of the argument, element-wise. |
positive (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Numerical positive, element-wise. |
negative (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Numerical negative, element-wise. |
multiply (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Multiply arguments element-wise. |
divide (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Returns a true division of the inputs, element-wise. |
power (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
First array elements raised to powers from second array, element-wise. |
subtract (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Subtract arguments, element-wise. |
true_divide (x1, x2, /[, out, where, …]) |
Returns a true division of the inputs, element-wise. |
floor_divide (x1, x2, /[, out, where, …]) |
Return the largest integer smaller or equal to the division of the inputs. |
float_power (x1, x2, /[, out, where, …]) |
First array elements raised to powers from second array, element-wise. |
fmod (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Return the element-wise remainder of division. |
mod (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return element-wise remainder of division. |
modf (x[, out1, out2], / [[, out, where, …]) |
Return the fractional and integral parts of an array, element-wise. |
remainder (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Return element-wise remainder of division. |
divmod (x1, x2[, out1, out2], / [[, out, …]) |
Return element-wise quotient and remainder simultaneously. |
Handling complex numbers¶
angle (z[, deg]) |
Return the angle of the complex argument. |
real (val) |
Return the real part of the complex argument. |
imag (val) |
Return the imaginary part of the complex argument. |
conj (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the complex conjugate, element-wise. |
Miscellaneous¶
convolve (a, v[, mode]) |
Returns the discrete, linear convolution of two one-dimensional sequences. |
clip (a, a_min, a_max[, out]) |
Clip (limit) the values in an array. |
sqrt (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the positive square-root of an array, element-wise. |
cbrt (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the cube-root of an array, element-wise. |
square (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Return the element-wise square of the input. |
absolute (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Calculate the absolute value element-wise. |
fabs (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Compute the absolute values element-wise. |
sign (x, /[, out, where, casting, order, …]) |
Returns an element-wise indication of the sign of a number. |
heaviside (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Compute the Heaviside step function. |
maximum (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Element-wise maximum of array elements. |
minimum (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Element-wise minimum of array elements. |
fmax (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Element-wise maximum of array elements. |
fmin (x1, x2, /[, out, where, casting, …]) |
Element-wise minimum of array elements. |
nan_to_num (x[, copy]) |
Replace nan with zero and inf with large finite numbers. |
real_if_close (a[, tol]) |
If complex input returns a real array if complex parts are close to zero. |
interp (x, xp, fp[, left, right, period]) |
One-dimensional linear interpolation. |